A new study has revealed a surprising link between drinking regular, non-fermented milk and an increased risk of heart disease in women. According to researchers, women who consume 300 milliliters (approximately 1.5 glasses) or more of regular milk daily may face a 21% higher risk of developing ischemic heart disease (coronary heart disease) and myocardial infarction (heart attack).
The surprising findings
The study, published in BMC Medicine, analyzed data from nearly 100,000 Swedish men and women tracked over several decades. It found that while nonfermented milk posed significant risks to women, no such association was observed in men. However, fermented milk products like yogurt and sour milk appeared to be heart-friendly for both genders.
Lead researcher Dr. Karl Michaëlsson and his team measured participants' diets, lifestyle factors, and blood biomarkers. Their findings linked high nonfermented milk consumption in women with increased levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) and decreased fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), both associated with heightened heart disease risk.
Why are women more at risk?
Experts are still exploring why regular milk impacts women differently. Dr. Cheng-Han Chen, a cardiologist, suggests that women may metabolize milk components like lactose differently, leading to increased oxidative stress and inflammation.
In contrast, fermented milk products contain beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, which support gut health, reduce inflammation, and potentially protect the heart.
A shift in dietary guidelines?
Dr. John Higgins, a cardiologist at UTHealth Houston, emphasized the many benefits of fermented milk, including its rich supply of vitamins, minerals, and proteins that combat inflammation and improve overall health.
“Fermented milk products appear safe for both men and women and should likely be prioritized in dietary guidelines,” Higgins added.
Takeaway
While milk has traditionally been touted for its health benefits, this study highlights the importance of choosing the right type. Women, in particular, should consider swapping nonfermented milk for fermented options to protect their heart health.