Experts link rising osteoporosis rates to vitamin D deficiency

KARACHI: Experts at an international moot warned that the increasing prevalence of osteoporosis and bone weakness in Pakistan is linked to a widespread Vitamin D deficiency, poor dietary habits, lack of sun exposure, and a sedentary lifestyle, 
The consensus emerged among leading orthopaedic surgeons, rheumatologists, and endocrinologists at the recent International Osteoporosis and Bone Health Conference, themed "Redefining Osteoporosis: From Prevention to Treatment", organised by the Vitamin D Academy in collaboration with PharmEvo. 
With over 73pc of the population currently suffering from Vitamin D deficiency, urgent measures are needed to safeguard public bone health.
The speakers expressed alarm over the growing number of young adults experiencing symptoms like bone pain, fatigue, recurrent fractures, and joint pain—primarily due to severe Vitamin D deficiency and unhealthy eating habits.
Prof Michael F. Holick from Oxford University said, "Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as the most common health issue in Pakistan, leading directly to calcium deficiency and, consequently, osteoporosis. Poor dietary choices and limited sun exposure are the primary factors." 
He, alongside fellow international expert Prof. Kassim Javaid, highlighted the importance of medically supervised Vitamin D supplementation to counteract this deficiency and reduce bone fractures among younger populations.
Notable Pakistani experts, including Prof. Shahid Noor, Prof. Amin Chinoy, and Dr. Saleha Ishaq stressed the need for public awareness regarding adequate Vitamin D and calcium intake to maintain healthy bones.
Prof Noor pointed out that bone mineral density peaks during the first 30 years of life, making early lifestyle choices crucial. He warned that neglecting physical activity, sun exposure, and a balanced diet increases the risk of osteoporosis and frequent fractures in later years. "If the current trends of inactivity and poor nutrition persist, we will see a rise in painful fractures and disabilities among both affluent and low-income groups," he cautioned.
To effectively tackle osteoporosis, Prof. Noor suggested incorporating bone health education into school curricula. "Instilling healthy habits from a young age can significantly lower the future burden of osteoporosis," he said.
Dr. Saleha Ishaq noted that cultural practices—such as keeping most of the body covered—and predominantly indoor lifestyles contribute to Vitamin D deficiency across the country. "Despite ample sunlight, many people do not get sufficient exposure for Vitamin D synthesis. This often necessitates supplementation, but it must be done under medical supervision to ensure safety and efficacy," she advised.
Experts said a significant portion of the population, especially women, are deficient in Vitamin D, impacting their bone health and increasing susceptibility to osteoporosis. 
Prof. Khalid Jamil stressed the need for regular exercise and a balanced intake of essential nutrients, including Vitamin D and calcium. "Excessive screen time and sedentary behaviour are detrimental to the younger generation's bone health. We must encourage physical activity and healthy lifestyle choices to avoid future complications," he urged.
The conference also raised concerns about the rising incidence of bone-related issues among younger demographics. "We are witnessing troubling trends in bone health among young adults, driven largely by severe Vitamin D deficiency, poor nutrition, and sedentary habits," said Dr. Yasir Mustafa Khan, advising early intervention to avoid long-term effects.
Speakers called for a nationwide awareness campaign to educate the public on the importance of a Vitamin D and calcium-rich diet, combined with regular physical activity, to maintain strong bones and prevent fractures. 
The growing osteoporosis crisis in Pakistan demands a comprehensive strategy, including better dietary habits, increased physical activity, and adequate sun exposure.