‘Blood Pressure fluctuation may accelerate cognitive aging’

CHICAGO: New research has revealed that fluctuating blood pressure over time may accelerate the risk of cognitive decline, with older Black men facing the highest impact. The findings, published in the journal Neurology, highlight the need to address blood pressure variability as a critical factor in mitigating cognitive aging risks, particularly in Black populations.
The study, conducted by researchers using data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project, tracked 4,770 individuals aged 65 or older over 18 years. Of these participants, 66% were Black. Blood pressure measurements were taken every three years, and participants completed four cognitive tests throughout the study period.
Researchers found that individuals with the highest variability in blood pressure had the poorest cognitive test scores by the study's conclusion. In Black participants, particularly older Black men, high variability in systolic blood pressure was linked to cognitive aging equivalent to an additional 2.8 years.
Interestingly, these effects were independent of average blood pressure readings, suggesting that even individuals with otherwise normal blood pressure levels could face increased cognitive risks due to fluctuations.
Dr. Lee Gause, a specialist in cardiovascular health, explained that blood pressure variability might better predict cognitive decline than average readings. “Our findings emphasize that monitoring blood pressure patterns over time is crucial for identifying at-risk populations,” he noted.
The study also revealed disparities in health outcomes based on racial differences. Black participants showed higher blood pressure variability (17.7 mm Hg on average) compared to white participants (16 mm Hg). Additionally, Black participants were more likely to have pre-existing health conditions, engage in fewer physical and cognitive activities, and experience socioeconomic challenges impacting their health.
These disparities, the study authors suggest, are driven by social determinants of health, including access to healthcare, socioeconomic status, and health literacy. Addressing these factors could play a significant role in reducing health inequalities and improving cognitive outcomes.
This research underscores the importance of managing blood pressure fluctuations, particularly in older Black adults, to mitigate cognitive aging risks. Regular monitoring, combined with lifestyle changes and targeted interventions, could help protect brain health as people age.