Experts urge action on rising Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia cases

KARACHI: Alarmed by the growing prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Specific Learning Disabilities (SLDs) like Dyslexia in Pakistan, health professionals have called for immediate action. At a seminar titled “Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, and Specific Learning Disabilities (Dyslexia),” experts emphasized the urgent need for awareness campaigns, teacher training, and institutional support to address these developmental conditions effectively.
The seminar, co-organized by the Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD) at the University of Karachi and the Sindh Innovation Research and Education Network (SIREN), brought together leading psychologists and educators.
Autism: Challenges and strengths
Globally, ASD affects about 1% of the population, characterized by difficulties in social interaction and communication. Dr. Salma Khalil, COO of the Autism Spectrum Disorder Welfare Trust, highlighted how children with autism often excel in areas like music and problem-solving. She urged parents and educators to identify and nurture these strengths while addressing the challenges.
ADHD: Managing behavior and focus
ADHD, a condition marked by restlessness and difficulty concentrating, was described by Associate Clinical Psychologist Maryam Erum Zaib as manageable with early intervention, medication, and educational support. Zaib emphasized the importance of a structured approach, noting that ADHD often coexists with other conditions like anxiety and learning disabilities​.
Dyslexia: Turning challenges into strengths
Clinical Psychologist Moazzaz Ali explained Dyslexia as a learning disorder affecting reading and phonological processing. He stressed that with appropriate interventions, such as assistive technologies and tailored learning strategies, individuals with Dyslexia can thrive academically and professionally.
A call to action
The seminar concluded with a commitment from Prof. Dr. Farzana Shaheen, Director of the International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, to support long-term awareness campaigns. She underscored the role of teachers, NGOs, and universities in creating inclusive environments for children with developmental and learning disorders.