Health risks of Nicotine pouches amid growing popularity, concerns

Millions of people grapple with tobacco addiction, with over 8 million losing their lives to tobacco-related diseases annually. In the United States alone, over 34 million adults smoke, with nearly 70% expressing a desire to quit. Among the alternatives gaining traction is the use of nicotine pouches, a smokeless, spit-free product marketed as a safer option to traditional cigarettes.
What are Nicotine pouches?
Nicotine pouches, such as Zyn, On!, and Velo, are small, discreet packets placed between the gum and lip. Unlike traditional smokeless tobacco products like Snus, which contain tobacco leaf, nicotine pouches are made from nicotine powder combined with flavorings, sweeteners, and plant-based fibers. They offer a smoke-free nicotine delivery system and are often used in settings where smoking is prohibited, such as schools, malls, and restaurants.
However, their tobacco-free label can be misleading. While they lack harmful tar and chemicals found in cigarettes, nicotine pouches deliver potent doses of nicotine, raising significant health concerns.

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The rapid rise in popularity
Between 2016 and 2020, sales of nicotine pouches in the U.S. surged 300 times, with 46 million units sold in 2020 alone. This sharp increase has been linked to aggressive marketing tactics, often targeting youth through enticing flavors and candy-like packaging.
According to the 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey, nicotine pouch usage among middle and high school students is growing, fueled by social media influencers and affordable prices. Such trends alarm public health experts, who warn of a potential new wave of nicotine addiction among young people.
How do Nicotine pouches work?
Nicotine from these pouches is absorbed through the lining of the mouth directly into the bloodstream. Without tobacco leaf, the FDA does not classify them as smokeless tobacco products, creating a regulatory gap. This lack of oversight allows manufacturers to offer varying nicotine concentrations, some as high as 8 milligrams per pouch.
Health risks of Nicotine pouches
While marketed as safer than cigarettes, nicotine pouches are not without risks. High doses of nicotine can cause:
Brain health issues: Anxiety, depression, memory problems, and impulsivity
Cardiovascular disorders: Increased blood pressure and risk of heart attack
Pregnancy risks: Harm to fetal development
Long-term health effects: Increased susceptibility to cancer, weakened immunity, and respiratory issues
Alarmingly, reports suggest some users misuse nicotine pouches, combining their contents with energy drinks for a heightened nicotine buzz. This misuse amplifies health risks and underscores the need for stricter regulations.
Quitting Nicotine pouches and tobacco
Quitting nicotine is challenging but achievable. Resources like the EX Program funded by the Truth Initiative, the Franciscan Health Aspire Quit Smoking & Vaping Program, and national quitlines (1-800-QUIT-NOW) in the US provide counseling, nicotine replacement therapies, and motivational tools.

Each step toward quitting improves overall health and quality of life. Celebrate every milestone, and consult medical professionals for tailored support in overcoming nicotine addiction.